Biography Inventors First Computer - Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage was born December 26, 1792 , the area now known as Southwark , London , children from Benjamin Babbage , a Banker . The surplus in mathematics is very prominent . When entered Trinity College at Cambridge in 1811 , he found that his math skills are much better than even the tutor sendiri.seorang British mathematician who first put forward the idea of ​​a programmable computer . Most of the machinery developed can now be seen in the Science Museum London .

In their 20s Babbage worked as a mathematician , especially in the field of calculus functions . In 1816 , he was elected as a member of the " Royal Society " ( science and academic organizations independent United Kingdom , is still active up to now ) and plays an important role in the foundation " Astronomical Society " ( organization Astronomy and geophysics Britain , still active until now ) in the year 1820. At this time became interested in Babbage's calculating machine , which continued until his death .

At that time , calculations using mathematical tables often have errors . Babbage wanted to develop a way of doing the calculations mechanically , so as to reduce the calculation error is often done by humans . At that time , Babbage was inspired by the development of calculating machines carried out by Wilhelm Schickard , Blaise Pascal , and Gottfried Leibniz . Preliminary ideas about Babbage engine written in the form of a letter he wrote to the Royal Astronomical Society entitled " Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables " ( " note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables " ) dated June 14, 1822 .

In 1821 Babbage invents the Difference Engine , a machine that can sort the table Mathematics . When the machine is complete in 1832 , Babbage get an idea about a better engine , which will be able to finish not just one but many different types of arithmetic operations . This machine called the Analytical Engine ( 1856) , which is intended as a general symbol pemanipulasi engine , as well as having some of the characteristics of modern computers . Among them is the use of punched cards , a memory unit to enter numbers , and various other elements of the computer base .

Babbage works less well until one day he met with Ada Countess of Lovelace , daughter of Lord Byron . Babbage first met at an event on June 6, 1833 . Nine years later , Luigi Federico Manabrea ( an engineer from Italy ) explains how the Analytical Engine . This work was later translated and added notes by Lovelace in 1843 . Starting from that time people began to recognize the work of Charles Babbage .

In 1937, Babbage writing to the attention of Howard H. Aiken , graduate degree from Harvard . Aiken is also trying to complete the design of computer machines , moved by the idea of ​​Babbage . In cooperation with IBM , Aiken could make Mark I , the first computer for all purposes . Two years after Mark I operated ( 1946) , a group of engineers and other inventors completed the ENIAC , the first electronic calculating machine . Since then , advances in computer technology is growing rapidly .

Calculating machines had so much influence in the world , it would only become more important in the future , their contributions to the development of the Babbage computer Aiken is not greater than or than John Mauchly and JO Eckert ( the main character in the design of the ENIAC ) . On the basis that there are at least three predecessor Babbage ( Blaise Pascal , Gottfried Leibniz and Joseph Marie Jacquard ) has made ​​a donation equivalent to Babbage . Pascal , a mathematician , philosopher and French scientists discovered the sum of mechanical machines in 1642 .

1828 until 1839, the title medapat Babbage was Lucasian chair of mathematics ( mathematics professor most prestigious title in the world ) from the University of Cambridge . In addition to calculating machines , Babbage also provide various other contributions . Among them create a modern postal system in England , compiled the first table a reliable insurance , find a locomotive cowcather ( triangular structure at the front of the train, which is able to clean the rails of disruption ) and several others . Additionally Babbage also contribute their ideas in economics and politics .

Charles Babbage was also an expert in cryptanalysis that broke vigenere cipher ( cipher polyalphabet ) . This versatility has actually owned since 1854 , after he managed to beat the challenge to solve ciphernya Thwaites . However, these findings are not published so she only discovered in the 20th century when scientists examine notes - notes (text , notes ) Babbage .

Behind all his success , failure in making the calculation engine and the failure of government assistance to him , left Babbage in disappointment and sadness at the end of his life . Charles Babbage died October 18, 1871 at the age of 79 years , leaving children ; Benjamin Herschel Babbage ( 1815 ) , Charles Whitmore Babbage ( 1817 ) , Georgiana Whitmore Babbage ( 1818 ) , Edward Stewart Babbage ( 1819 ) , Francis Moore Babbage ( 1821) , Dugald Bromheald Babbage ( 1823 ) , Henry Prevost Babbage ( 1824 ) , Alexander Forbes Babbage ( 1827 ) , Timothy grant Babbage ( 1829